bid | the price at which a buyer is prepared to buy a security at a partucular time | |
offer | the price at which a seller is prepared to sell a security at a particulat time | |
Initial Public Offering (IPO) | The first public offering of a corporation's stock. | |
to underwrite the stock issue | guarantees to buy the shares if there are not enough other buyers | |
flotation | The process of a company 'going public' | |
income tax | A tax on people's earnings | |
direct tax | a tax on wages and salaries or on company profits | |
tax levied on | podatek nałożony na | |
progressive tax | A tax for which the percentage of income paid in taxes increases as income increases | |
Indirect tax | a tax levied on goods or services rather than on persons or organizations | |
value added tax | tax on the value added at every stage of the production process | |
capital gains tax | a tax levied on profit from the sale of property or of an investment. | |
inheritance tax | a state tax collected on the property left by a person to his or her heir(s) in a will | |
wealth tax | a tax on an individual's wealth | |
tax evasion | the use of illegal actions to reduce one's taxes | |
tax avoidance | the use of legitimate methods to reduce one's taxes | |