arid	dry
to be prone to	to tent to have a partivularnegative characteristic
drought	period without rain
tundra	area in north with no trees and permanently frozen ground
vegetation	plant life
coniferous	trees that are evergreen and produce cones
deciduous	trees that lose their leaves in winter
prairies	flat grasslands in Canada or Northern USA
steppes	flat grasslands in Asia
pampas	flat grasslands in South America
paddy fields	fields planted with rice growing in water
cereals	type of grass cultivated to produce a grain
manufacturing	producing goods in large numbers
at the forefront	in an important position
to generate	to produce
to be descended from	to be related to
ancestors	relatives from earlier times
descendants	potomkowie
migrants	people who move to live in another country
emigrant	sb who leaves the country
immigrant	sb who moves to live in a country
to settle in	to make one's home in
coniferous forests	lasy iglaste (collocation)
industrial nation	"społeczeństwo przemysłowe" (collocation)
chemical industry	przemysł chemiczny (collocation)
sugar plantation	plantacja cukru (collocation)
plantation	tea, coffee, rubber... (collocation)
industry	manufacturing, pharmaceutical, textile... (collocation)
forest	deciduous, rain, dense... (collocation)
field	oil, wheat, ripe /ready to harvest/... (collocation)
nation	civilised, indepentent, sovereign... (collocation)
population	populacja
outback	słabo zaludnione tereny w Australii (australijski busz)
along the coast	wzdłuż wybrzeża
remote	odległy
to stretch	rozciągać się
to flood	zalać
farmland	tereny uprawne, rola
to make up	składać się na
peninsula	półwysep
coastline	linia brzegowa
fertile	urodzajny, żyzny
oases	oazy
active volcanoes	aktywne wulkany
landscape	krajobraz