| to quip | to make witty or sarcastic remarks |
| to debunk | to prove that sb's fame or achievements are not fully justified |
| irate | angry |
| to mete sth out to sb | to give or to administer |
| writ large | obvious/ very recognizable |
| hard-nosed | tough and unyielding |
| to be riddled with sth | to be full of sth |
| hoax | a mischievous joke |
| cast-iron | so strong that cannot be questioned |
| hubris | arrogant pride |
| think-tank | a group of specialists called for some political bodies to solve a problem |
| efficacy | efficiency |
| to pen out | to turn out to be sth or to develop |
| fluke | a thing that is accidentally successful |
| inherent | unavoidable, inseparable |
| ambiguous | uncertain, having doubts |
| astounding | astonishing, surprising |
| benign | mild, gentle |
| bizarre | odd, eccentric |
| boisterous | rough and noisy |
| bossy | domineering |
| cumbersome | awkward/ too heavy, large |
| frugal | economical |
| obnoxious | horribly unpleasant |
| pivotal | essential |
| plausible | probable, reasonable |
| precarious | insecure, depending on chance |
| shrewd | smart, wise |
| strenuous | exhausting |
| viable | possible to operate, likely to survive on its own |