| absolute poverty | poverty defined according to an absolute minimum standard, often called the 'poverty line' |
| relative poverty | when a person is poor in relation to those around him |
| income poverty | when sb is poor because he has less money than the defined poverty line for his country |
| human poverty | poverty that takes into account other factors (life expectancy, infant malnutrition, illiteracy) |
| malnutrition | ill health caused by inadequate food |
| illiteracy | inability to read and write |
| sanitation | systems for taking dirty water and wastes from homes to ensure good hygiene |
| Gross Domestic Product | GDP the total value of all the goods and services produced in a country in one year |
| Gross National Product | GDP + money earned from abroad by companies based in that country |
| poverty alleviation | reducing the level of poverty |
| debt servicing | paying back money owed on loans |
| penury | the state of beng extremely poor |
| to live on the breadline | to have the level of income of an extremely poor person |
| impoverished | poor, without much money to live on |
| destitute | without money, food, home, possessions |
| deprived | not having the things necessary for pleasant life - food, home, money |
| to live from hand to mouth | to have just enough money to live without suffering |
| money has been tight | expression: there has not been much money |