| celebrations, to celebrate (be celebrated), celebratory (mood) | świętowanie, świętować, świąteczny |
| renewal, to renew, renewed (hope) | odnowa, odnawiać, odnowiona |
| festival | special day(s)/ event |
| festivities | enjoyable activities, festival events |
| festive (mood) | świąteczny, uroczysty |
| spectacle | spektakl |
| spectacular | spectacle - adjective |
| ceremony | uroczystośc, ceremonia |
| ceremonial | ceremony - adjective |
| to be superstitious | to have illogical beliefs about hidden forces in nature |
| centenary / bi-centenary | 100th anniversary / 200th anniversary |
| penance | actions to show you are sorry for bad deeds (pokuta) |
| fasting | not eating for a long period |
| flamboyant | extremely colourful and exaggerated (krzykliwy, przesadny) |
| raucous [`ro:kəs] | very noisy (huczny) |
| sombre | serious, heavy and sad |
| to be atmospheric | to have a special feeling or atmosphere |
| to commemorate | to respect and remember officially (formal) |
| lantern | lampion |
| associated with | all to do with (more formal) |
| can be tracked back to | all started with (more formal) |
| sombre | dark and serious (more formal) |
| the main focus of the festival | the main thing in the festival (more formal) |
| parade of people | big gang of people marching through the streets (more formal) |
| flamboyant | lively and extremely colourful (more formal) |
| raucous | rather noisy (more formal) |
| symbolise | mean (more formal) |
| it is very atmospheric | it has a great feeling about it (more formal) |
| they were believed to guarantee | people thought they would be guaranteed (more formal) |
| are not superstitious | don't have such funny beliefs about nature (more formal) |
| pagan | really old, pre-Christian |
| Mother's Day | is when you send cards and give gifts to your mother |
| Independence Day | is celebrated in may countires which were formely colonised by other countries |
| May Day | is the fist of May and is celebrated in many countries as a commemoration of all workers |
| Valentine;s Day | on this day people send romantic messages to sb they're in love with |