Indo-European | major group of languages in Europe and parts of Asia |
Slavic | family name of Polish, Russian and Belgian |
Germanic | family name of Swedish, English and Deuch |
Romance | family name of Spanish, Romanian, French |
Indo-Arian | family name of Hindu, Romany (gypsy language), Farsi (spoken in Iran) |
Celtic | family name of Welsh, Irish, Breton (spoken in Brittany, France) |
Semitic | family name of Arabic, Hebrew |
Austronesian | family name of Malay,Tagalog (spoken in the Philipines), Maori (Spoken in New Zeland) |
Syntax | the grammar and word order |
modality | meanings such as possibility and necessity |
modal verbs | czasowniki modalne |
phonology | the sound system, i.e pronunciation and intonation |
phonemes | different sounds thet distinguish meanings |
diphthongs | sounds made by combining vowels, such as ae and ei |
lexicon | technical term for vocabulary |
compounds | words formed by combining words, e.g software |
Graece-Latin | orginally from Greek and Latin |
Anglo-Saxon | language of England from 500-100 AD |
orthography | technical term for vocabulary |
characters | letters or symbols |
pictograms | characters representing pictures |
ideograms | characters representing ideas/ concepts |
morphology | how words are formed |
morphems | units of meaning |
...inflected | words have endings to show tense, person (e.g. Romance languages are...) |
...isolating | each word has only one morpheme (e.g. Chinese language is...) |
orTHOgrapgy, orthoGRAphic | ortografia, oftrograficzny (+stress) |
LExicon, LExical | leksykon, leksykalny (+stress) |
moDAlity, MOdal | modalność, modalne (+stress) |