| to coin | to introduce a new word or phrase |
| to epitomise | to be a perfect example of sth |
| to underpin | to form the basis of sth |
| retribution | deserved punishment for one's sins or misbehaviour |
| to dispense with | to part with/ to give out/ to distribute |
| to ascribe sth to sth | to consider sth to be a part/cause of sth |
| to advocate | to support publically |
| to denigrate | to slender, to lower the value of sth |
| to relocate sth to sth | to move sth into another place |
| succor | help, support given to sb in need |
| erstwhile | previous, former |
| asside | critical remark |
| trepidation | great worry of fear, trembling |
| flamboyant | showy, extravagant |
| not to be a patch on sb/sth | not to be nearly as good as sth |
| to snarl at sb | to speak angrily |
| standing joke | the kind of joke that never fails to be effective |
| ostensibly | apparently |
| to festoon sth in sth | to decorate, to do up, to adorn |
| to lodge a complaint | to complain, to beef |
| floppy | soft and flexible |
| to gloat over sb | to express selfish delight at one's good fortune or sb's misfortune |
| seminal works | influencing further development |
| a spoof of sth | humorous imitation, parody |
| sojourn | stay |
| versimilitude | an instance of being true or real |
| to snub | to refuse with scornful contempt |
| to spurn | to refuse with contempt |
| flabbergasted | greatly surprised |
| to nag | to ask a question over and over again |
| to whine | to complain in an annoying way |
| to pester | to nag |
| a scam | sth invented to deceive sb |
| a snare | a trap |
| a gimmick | a trick meant to encourage sb to do sth |
| to scatter | to make people go in different directions, to cause to disperse |
| to set | to become stiff |
| to join off | to become a member of sth |
| to watch/listen for sth | to remain alert in order to see/hear sth |
| to live off sb | to use sb's resources |
| freelance | not being employed on regular basis |
| to be all fingers and thumbs | to be clumsy, awkward |
| a storm in a teacup | a lot of fuss about sth that is not important |
| to give sb the cold shoulder | to ignore, to shun sb, to pass sb over |
| to bring sth home to sb | to make sb unbderstand how important sth is |
| to bite off more than one could chew | to try to do sth that is too difficult |
| to put one's heard and soul into sth | to be devoted to sth |
| in clover | living a luxurious and comfortable life |
| to have a sharp tongue | to tend to say unkind and harmful things, wisecraps |
| tooth and nail | fiercely |
| pain in the neck | an annoying thing or person |
| to look down one's nose at sb/sth | to feel or act superior to sb, to gloat over sb |
| to face the music | to be criticised or punished for sth that you've done |