| to surmise | to espouse/ to guess |
| rung | one of the bars in a ladder |
| executioner | a public official whose job is to execute criminals |
| heckler | sb who asks vexing questions |
| hirsute | hairy |
| gauntness | an instance of being weak and very thin |
| steadfastness | loyalty |
| stronghold | a place that has been fortified |
| hospice | a hospital for dying people |
| mildew | a kind of fungus that grows in wet conditions |
| dampness | an instance of being wet |
| canker | a disease that destroys the wood of trees |
| callow | inexperienced |
| fallow | not used for growing crops so as to improve its fertility |
| crusty | having a hard outer shell |
| incivility | impoliteness, rudeness |
| enigma | mystery, puzzle |
| defiant | disobedient, recalcitrant |
| compelling | so interesting that you cannot put it down |
| flabby | self-loose / having soft, loose flesh |
| to hobble | to walk uneasy because of problems with legs |
| to amble | to ramble aimlessly |
| undemonstrative | not showing feelings openly |
| parsimonious | frugal, economical |
| to hobnob with sb | to mix socially |
| plotter | conspirator |
| to kowtow to sb | to show sb in authority too much respect and be too willing to obey |
| inadvertment | unintentional, not deliberate |
| gauche | lacking social polish, rough |
| to waddle | to walk like a duck |