genotype | alleles contained in an organis's cells | |
phenotype | visual characteristics of organism determined by genotype and environment | |
dominant allele | allele affecting the phenotype of heterozygous as much as for homozygous | |
recessive allele | allele which only affect the phenotype when dominant allele is not present | |
codominant alleles | both alleles affect phenotype of heterozygous organism | |
locus | position of a gene on the chromosome | |
carrier | healthy individual carrying copy of a recessive gene causing genetic disease for homozygotes | |
test cross | testing a suspected heterozygote by crossing it with a known recessive homozygote | |
genome | all of genetic information of organism | |
allele | variety of a gene having the same locus | |
homologous chromosomes | chromosomes of the same pair, the sames genes in the same sequence, not the same alleles | |