Anaesthesia	Blocks the sensation of pain/induces a loss of consciousness
General anaesthesia	Renders patient unconcious
Before general anaesthesia	O2 delivered through the face mask
Anaesthesia induced(wprowadzona)	With an intravenous agent
While patient is asslep	Anaesthetic is withdrawn(usunięty,wyprowdzony)
Anaesthesia maitained	With inhaled or voltile anaesthetic (lotny,w stanie g)
Inhaled/Voltile anaesthetic	Administrated through endotracheal tube
Consciousness	Świadomość
Unconsciousness	Brak świadomości
Fatigued	Feeling after operation, asleep
Wear of	Stop working (e.g. Anaesthetic)
Clearheded state	Trzeźwy umysł
Depress in circulation	Spowolnić krążenie
Drop in BP	Spadek ciśnienia
Conscious sedation	Patient awake but drowsy, no pain, no memory
Regional /Block/Conduction anaesthesia	Part of body is insensitive to pain, nerves blocked
Brachial block anaesthesia	Blok splotu ramiennego
Block of lower part	By injecting anaest into the epidural space
Regional anaesthesia (patient can move limbs)	Numbs(odrętwiać) patient waist down but patient conscious
Epidural anaesthesia	Epidural block, znieczulenie oponowe
Epidural block	Used in labour,injection into subarachnoid space
Spinal anaesthesia(lower back surgery,appendicetomy)	Used for repairing fractures of lowe limb,
Local anaesthesia	Loss of sensation,by injection,ointment,spray
Sedative	Lek na uspokojenie
Dehiscence	Wound open after surgery
Episiotomy	Nacięcie krocza
-otomy	Cutting
-ectomy	Removal of problem
-oscopy	Viewing part of the body
Dehiscence	Wound open after surgery/spliting edges/rozchodzące się rany
Tracheotomy	Cutting trachea
Lobotomy	Cutting lobes
Gastrotomy	Cutting stomach
Episiotomy	Incision of perineum(krocze)
Sternotomy	Incision of sternum
Appendectomy	Removal of appendix
Lumpectomy	Removing part of brest, small tumour
Mastectomy	Removing whole brest&lymph nodes
Cholecystectomy	Removal of gallbladder
Colonoscopy	Viewing large intestine
Bronchoscopy	Viewing lungs
Hysteroscopy	Viewing uterus(macica)
-plasty	Plastyka
Dermoplasty	Plastyka skóry
Angioplasty	Plastyka naczyń
Z-plasty	Scars(cicatrix) redcution
Mitral valve plasty	Plastyka zastawki 2dzielnej
Excruciating pain	Powalajacy/rodzielajacy ból
Blood stained discharge/mucous	Wydzielina z krwią
Leukorrhea	Thick wihite vaginal discharge/upławy
A cervical smear test/Pap smear	Wymaz z szyjki macicy
Curettage	Łyżeczkowanie
Cryoteraphy	Krioterapia
Laser treatment	Leczenie laserem
Malignant	Złośliwy
Squamous cell carcinomas	Nowotwory płaskonabłonkowe
Symptoms	Given by patients,eye visible
Signs	Based on lab results/little signs not given by patient
Carcinoma of the cervix	Rak szyjki macicy
Bowel habits	Stool freqency & consistency
Grieving	Opłakiwanie
Emotional numbness	Odrętwienie/loosing sensations
1.Denial	To refuse/deny sth/wyparcie/zaprzeczenie
2.Anger	Złość
3.Bargan/Barganing	Negotiation
4.Depression	Depresja
5.Acceptance	Accepting/dealing with situation
Attentuation	Rozcieńczenie
A recurrence	Relapse
Adjacent tissue	Surrounding
Carcinoma in situ/cis	Not cancer yet but in 1 site/lesion
Stage 0	Pre cancerous stage
Bening	Łagodny
Sarcoma	Mięsak
Myeloma	Szpiczak
Leukaemia/Leukemia	Białaczka
Lymphoma	Chłoniak
Counsellor	Clinical psychologist
Coal tar	Smoła pogazowa
Contraindication	Przeciwskazania
Thromboembolism	Zakrzepica z zatorem
Saline	Sól fizjologiczna
Recipient	Biorca
Living/deceased donor	Żyjący/nie żyjący dawca
Operation done/performed	Wykonać operacje
Adjacent	Przyległy
Cholecystitis	Inflamation of gallbladder
Compresion tights	Surgical stockings (rajstopy uciskowe)
Purse	String
Continous suture	Szew ciągły
Single interupted suture	Szew pojedyńczy węzełkowy
Sedatives	Leki usookajające
Blocking the sensation of pain	No pain
Induce	Wprowadzać
Consciousness	Stan świadomości
Transmural inflammatory disease	Przezbłonowe zapalenie
Aetiology	Cause or orgin
Incidence	Zapadalność
Prevelance	Rozpowszechnienie
Onset	The beggining of the disease
Abrupt	Pojawiać się nagle
Insidious	Ukryty
Presenting features	Reason for making appointment
Present to doctor	Go to doctor
First/initial/tentative/provisional diagnosis	Wstępna diagnoza
Flare up	Aktywować się
ESR	OB
Differential diagnoses	Różnicujące diagnozy
Definitive diagnosis	Ostateczna diagnoza
Precancerous stage	stadium przednowotworowe
HPV	Human papilloma virus
Asymptomatic	Bezobjawowy
Punch biopsy	Biopsja trepanem
Primipara	Pierworódka
Primigravida	Kobieta w 1 ciąży
Pierce	Przebić/przekłuć
Nullipara	Nieródka
Nulligravida	Kobieta, która nigdy nie była w ciązy
Hysterecromy	Wycięcie macicy/histerektomia
Conization	Wycięcie stożka tkanki z szyjki macicy/konizacja
Colposcopy	Kolposkopia/oglądanie szyjki macicy przy użyciu oświetlającego istrumentu
Carcinoma	Rak
Antineoplastic	Środek przeciwnowotworowy
Adenexa	Przydatki
Adenocarcinoma	Gruczolakorak/rak gruczołowy
Colitis	Zapalenie okrężnicy
Colonoscopy	Kolonoskopia/wziernikowanie okrężnicy
Colostomy	Wytworzenie przetoki okrężniczo-skórnej, kolostomia
Faeces	Kał/stolec
Laparotomy	Otwarcie jamy brzusznej
Polyposis	Polipowatość
Rectoscopy	Wziernikowanie odbytnicy
Specimen	Sample
Antineoplastic drugs	Chemotherapy
Cheatle's forceps	Handle sterile instruments
Artery forceps	Control bleeding
Michel's clip-removing forceps	Remove clips (zszywki)
Dissecting forceps	Remove dressings
Suture scissors	Remove stiches
Wound probe	Sonda/explore wounds
Lister's bandage scissors	Cut bandages
Scalpel	Make incisions
Needle holder	Handle needles
Retractors	Expose deeper structures
Non crushing climp	Compress or retain a grip of a grasped suture
metastasis/metastases	Przerzut/przerzuty
Palliative care	Opieka paliatywna
Fractions	Serie np radioterpii
Full mastectomy	Removal of whole brest & lymph nodes from armpit
Mastectomy:	Safer,removes more tissue, brest can be replaced with implant
Lumpectomy	Removal of tissue & lymph nodes around tumour
Lumpectomy:	Chemotherapy & radiotherapy after, loose of hair
CIS	In situ, lesion which is not tumour yet
OSG	Overal stage grouping
OSG stage I	Localized in one body part, curable
OSG II & III	Cancer spread to local lymph nodes
OSG IV	Metastasized and incurable
TNM	Tumour, node, metastasis
TNM T	Size of primary tumour: 0-4
TNM N	Extent to which local lymph nodes are involved: 0-4
TNM M	Metastasis: 0- no metastaisis, 1- metastases present
T1N2M0	Small tumour (T1) Spread to local lymph nodes (N2) but not to distant parts of the body (M0)
Carcinogen	Czynnik wywołujący nowotwór
Anastmosis	Zespolenie
Scrub	Przygotować część ciała do operacji
Drape	Przykryć/zasłonić/osłonić do operacji
Irrigate	Udrożnić
Adhesive strips	Stripy(rodzaj opatrunku)
Cerebrovascular	Naczyniowo-mózgowy
Certify	Zaświadczyć
Chamber	Komora
Compatible	Zgodny
Contraindicate	Przeciwskazać
Current	Prąd/powszechny/aktualny
facilitate	Ułatwić
Hyperactivity	Nadczynność
Immunosuppressant	Środek immunosupresyjny
Mortality	Śmiertelność
Rejection	Odrzucenie
Certified brain death	Stwierdzona śmierć mózgu
surgery:branch of medicine which treats injuries and conditions by methods which involve opening,	manipulating and repairing a part of the body
surgical excision	wycięgie
surgically removed	usunięcie opreacyjne
recurrent attacks	nawracające ataki
Bypass surgery	skip over(bypass) the blocked or narrowed area by attaching an a or part of v to a coronary a
Arterial bypass grafts	taken from a site in a chest,arm or leg
transplant surgery	performed to replace a diseaded organ,tissue with organ from donor
organs that can be transplant	cornea, heart, lungs, kidney, liver, pancreas, small intestine, bone marrow
living consenting donor (żyjący,wyrażający zgodę dawca)	can donate liver,lung,kidney
harvested(pobrane) from deceased donor	hearts, lungs, corneas, livers, pancreases
deceased	people who had recently died
skin grafting	przeszczep skóry; skin from buttocsk or upper part of tigh
arthritic	artretyczny
replaced	zastąpić (prosthetic devices made of metal, plastic, porcelain)
reattach	przyłączyć/przyszyć eg. fingers
to sever	oderwany, odcięty eg. palec
exploratory surgery	eg. abdomen is opened and examined when needed organs removed/repaired
diagnostic surgery	to confirm diagnosis
biopsy	specimen tissue is removed
palliative surgery	relieve/reduce intensity of condition eg. pain when not possible to cure
emergency surgery	as qucik as possible in case of internal bleeding etc
urgent surgery	eg. removal of acutely inflamed appendix, within 24-28 h
elective surgery	eg. hip replacement, planned in advance, delay has no ill effects
laparoscopic surgery	abdomen inflated with CO2 to lift wall away from ograns
punctures(ports)	small key hole points for trocars to be inserted into abdomen
trocar	trokar, to co wsadzają żeby stworzyć kanał
a laparoscope	viewing instrument
laparoscopic surgery is used for appendicectomy, cholecystectomy,	hernia repair (przepuklina), colon and antireflux procedures
open procedures	surgery
laparoscopic surgery is less invasive,incisions are smaller	less post opperative pain & disability,shorter hospital stay, quciker recovery
key-hole surgery of joints	arthroscopic surgery
key-hole surgery of chest	thoracoscopic surgery
stereotactic(stereotaxic) surgery is performed through small hole in skull & guided by CT scanning	allows operations on lesions of the brain located precisley not to injure adjacent tissues
stereotactic surgery	used in advance
removal of cysts	usuwanie cyst
cataract surgery	operacja zaćmy
cataract surgery+cysts surgery+biopsy	do not require overnight or longer stay in hospital,same-day surgery
same-day surgery	operacja 1dnia= out patient/ambulatory surgery
surgery (place)	place where doctors see patients
undergo surgery	być poddanym operacji
operation done	przeprowadzić operacje
minor/major operation	mała/duża operacja
doctor operate on patient for eg.cholecystitis	doctor przeprowadza operacje na pacjencie z powodu....
surgical gloves	rękawiczki
surgical scrubs	outfit lekarza na operacje
varicose veins	żylaki kończyn dolnych
anastmose	połączyć, attach 2 arteries or tubes together
approximate	bring closer together
clamp	zacisnąć/compress, hold tightly
dissect	ciąć/ separate by cutting
divide	cut and separate tissues
drape	obkładać, cover the patient before surgical procedure leaving operation site uncovered
excise	wyciąć,cut out, remove
expose	lay open
grasp	chwycić, take and keep a firm hold of
incise	naciąć, cut
insert	put into
irrigate	przepłukać/wash out wound or body cavity with a flow of water or other fluid
lance	nacinać/cut or incise with a lancet (boil-wrzód/czyrak, abscess-ropień)
ligate	podwiązać, tiff off a duct or blood vessel to prevent blood flow during surgery
mobilize	make mobile
paint	cover with coloured antiseptic
resect	remove surgically part of an organ or body
retract	udrożnić,pull and hold back edges of incision
suture	stitch wounds
transect	cut transvesly
Drowsinesse	Senność