| Anaesthesia | Blocks the sensation of pain/induces a loss of consciousness |
| General anaesthesia | Renders patient unconcious |
| Before general anaesthesia | O2 delivered through the face mask |
| Anaesthesia induced(wprowadzona) | With an intravenous agent |
| While patient is asslep | Anaesthetic is withdrawn(usunięty,wyprowdzony) |
| Anaesthesia maitained | With inhaled or voltile anaesthetic (lotny,w stanie g) |
| Inhaled/Voltile anaesthetic | Administrated through endotracheal tube |
| Consciousness | Świadomość |
| Unconsciousness | Brak świadomości |
| Fatigued | Feeling after operation, asleep |
| Wear of | Stop working (e.g. Anaesthetic) |
| Clearheded state | Trzeźwy umysł |
| Depress in circulation | Spowolnić krążenie |
| Drop in BP | Spadek ciśnienia |
| Conscious sedation | Patient awake but drowsy, no pain, no memory |
| Regional /Block/Conduction anaesthesia | Part of body is insensitive to pain, nerves blocked |
| Brachial block anaesthesia | Blok splotu ramiennego |
| Block of lower part | By injecting anaest into the epidural space |
| Regional anaesthesia (patient can move limbs) | Numbs(odrętwiać) patient waist down but patient conscious |
| Epidural anaesthesia | Epidural block, znieczulenie oponowe |
| Epidural block | Used in labour,injection into subarachnoid space |
| Spinal anaesthesia(lower back surgery,appendicetomy) | Used for repairing fractures of lowe limb, |
| Local anaesthesia | Loss of sensation,by injection,ointment,spray |
| Sedative | Lek na uspokojenie |
| Dehiscence | Wound open after surgery |
| Episiotomy | Nacięcie krocza |
| -otomy | Cutting |
| -ectomy | Removal of problem |
| -oscopy | Viewing part of the body |
| Dehiscence | Wound open after surgery/spliting edges/rozchodzące się rany |
| Tracheotomy | Cutting trachea |
| Lobotomy | Cutting lobes |
| Gastrotomy | Cutting stomach |
| Episiotomy | Incision of perineum(krocze) |
| Sternotomy | Incision of sternum |
| Appendectomy | Removal of appendix |
| Lumpectomy | Removing part of brest, small tumour |
| Mastectomy | Removing whole brest&lymph nodes |
| Cholecystectomy | Removal of gallbladder |
| Colonoscopy | Viewing large intestine |
| Bronchoscopy | Viewing lungs |
| Hysteroscopy | Viewing uterus(macica) |
| -plasty | Plastyka |
| Dermoplasty | Plastyka skóry |
| Angioplasty | Plastyka naczyń |
| Z-plasty | Scars(cicatrix) redcution |
| Mitral valve plasty | Plastyka zastawki 2dzielnej |
| Excruciating pain | Powalajacy/rodzielajacy ból |
| Blood stained discharge/mucous | Wydzielina z krwią |
| Leukorrhea | Thick wihite vaginal discharge/upławy |
| A cervical smear test/Pap smear | Wymaz z szyjki macicy |
| Curettage | Łyżeczkowanie |
| Cryoteraphy | Krioterapia |
| Laser treatment | Leczenie laserem |
| Malignant | Złośliwy |
| Squamous cell carcinomas | Nowotwory płaskonabłonkowe |
| Symptoms | Given by patients,eye visible |
| Signs | Based on lab results/little signs not given by patient |
| Carcinoma of the cervix | Rak szyjki macicy |
| Bowel habits | Stool freqency & consistency |
| Grieving | Opłakiwanie |
| Emotional numbness | Odrętwienie/loosing sensations |
| 1.Denial | To refuse/deny sth/wyparcie/zaprzeczenie |
| 2.Anger | Złość |
| 3.Bargan/Barganing | Negotiation |
| 4.Depression | Depresja |
| 5.Acceptance | Accepting/dealing with situation |
| Attentuation | Rozcieńczenie |
| A recurrence | Relapse |
| Adjacent tissue | Surrounding |
| Carcinoma in situ/cis | Not cancer yet but in 1 site/lesion |
| Stage 0 | Pre cancerous stage |
| Bening | Łagodny |
| Sarcoma | Mięsak |
| Myeloma | Szpiczak |
| Leukaemia/Leukemia | Białaczka |
| Lymphoma | Chłoniak |
| Counsellor | Clinical psychologist |
| Coal tar | Smoła pogazowa |
| Contraindication | Przeciwskazania |
| Thromboembolism | Zakrzepica z zatorem |
| Saline | Sól fizjologiczna |
| Recipient | Biorca |
| Living/deceased donor | Żyjący/nie żyjący dawca |
| Operation done/performed | Wykonać operacje |
| Adjacent | Przyległy |
| Cholecystitis | Inflamation of gallbladder |
| Compresion tights | Surgical stockings (rajstopy uciskowe) |
| Purse | String |
| Continous suture | Szew ciągły |
| Single interupted suture | Szew pojedyńczy węzełkowy |
| Sedatives | Leki usookajające |
| Blocking the sensation of pain | No pain |
| Induce | Wprowadzać |
| Consciousness | Stan świadomości |
| Transmural inflammatory disease | Przezbłonowe zapalenie |
| Aetiology | Cause or orgin |
| Incidence | Zapadalność |
| Prevelance | Rozpowszechnienie |
| Onset | The beggining of the disease |
| Abrupt | Pojawiać się nagle |
| Insidious | Ukryty |
| Presenting features | Reason for making appointment |
| Present to doctor | Go to doctor |
| First/initial/tentative/provisional diagnosis | Wstępna diagnoza |
| Flare up | Aktywować się |
| ESR | OB |
| Differential diagnoses | Różnicujące diagnozy |
| Definitive diagnosis | Ostateczna diagnoza |
| Precancerous stage | stadium przednowotworowe |
| HPV | Human papilloma virus |
| Asymptomatic | Bezobjawowy |
| Punch biopsy | Biopsja trepanem |
| Primipara | Pierworódka |
| Primigravida | Kobieta w 1 ciąży |
| Pierce | Przebić/przekłuć |
| Nullipara | Nieródka |
| Nulligravida | Kobieta, która nigdy nie była w ciązy |
| Hysterecromy | Wycięcie macicy/histerektomia |
| Conization | Wycięcie stożka tkanki z szyjki macicy/konizacja |
| Colposcopy | Kolposkopia/oglądanie szyjki macicy przy użyciu oświetlającego istrumentu |
| Carcinoma | Rak |
| Antineoplastic | Środek przeciwnowotworowy |
| Adenexa | Przydatki |
| Adenocarcinoma | Gruczolakorak/rak gruczołowy |
| Colitis | Zapalenie okrężnicy |
| Colonoscopy | Kolonoskopia/wziernikowanie okrężnicy |
| Colostomy | Wytworzenie przetoki okrężniczo-skórnej, kolostomia |
| Faeces | Kał/stolec |
| Laparotomy | Otwarcie jamy brzusznej |
| Polyposis | Polipowatość |
| Rectoscopy | Wziernikowanie odbytnicy |
| Specimen | Sample |
| Antineoplastic drugs | Chemotherapy |
| Cheatle's forceps | Handle sterile instruments |
| Artery forceps | Control bleeding |
| Michel's clip-removing forceps | Remove clips (zszywki) |
| Dissecting forceps | Remove dressings |
| Suture scissors | Remove stiches |
| Wound probe | Sonda/explore wounds |
| Lister's bandage scissors | Cut bandages |
| Scalpel | Make incisions |
| Needle holder | Handle needles |
| Retractors | Expose deeper structures |
| Non crushing climp | Compress or retain a grip of a grasped suture |
| metastasis/metastases | Przerzut/przerzuty |
| Palliative care | Opieka paliatywna |
| Fractions | Serie np radioterpii |
| Full mastectomy | Removal of whole brest & lymph nodes from armpit |
| Mastectomy: | Safer,removes more tissue, brest can be replaced with implant |
| Lumpectomy | Removal of tissue & lymph nodes around tumour |
| Lumpectomy: | Chemotherapy & radiotherapy after, loose of hair |
| CIS | In situ, lesion which is not tumour yet |
| OSG | Overal stage grouping |
| OSG stage I | Localized in one body part, curable |
| OSG II & III | Cancer spread to local lymph nodes |
| OSG IV | Metastasized and incurable |
| TNM | Tumour, node, metastasis |
| TNM T | Size of primary tumour: 0-4 |
| TNM N | Extent to which local lymph nodes are involved: 0-4 |
| TNM M | Metastasis: 0- no metastaisis, 1- metastases present |
| T1N2M0 | Small tumour (T1) Spread to local lymph nodes (N2) but not to distant parts of the body (M0) |
| Carcinogen | Czynnik wywołujący nowotwór |
| Anastmosis | Zespolenie |
| Scrub | Przygotować część ciała do operacji |
| Drape | Przykryć/zasłonić/osłonić do operacji |
| Irrigate | Udrożnić |
| Adhesive strips | Stripy(rodzaj opatrunku) |
| Cerebrovascular | Naczyniowo-mózgowy |
| Certify | Zaświadczyć |
| Chamber | Komora |
| Compatible | Zgodny |
| Contraindicate | Przeciwskazać |
| Current | Prąd/powszechny/aktualny |
| facilitate | Ułatwić |
| Hyperactivity | Nadczynność |
| Immunosuppressant | Środek immunosupresyjny |
| Mortality | Śmiertelność |
| Rejection | Odrzucenie |
| Certified brain death | Stwierdzona śmierć mózgu |
| surgery:branch of medicine which treats injuries and conditions by methods which involve opening, | manipulating and repairing a part of the body |
| surgical excision | wycięgie |
| surgically removed | usunięcie opreacyjne |
| recurrent attacks | nawracające ataki |
| Bypass surgery | skip over(bypass) the blocked or narrowed area by attaching an a or part of v to a coronary a |
| Arterial bypass grafts | taken from a site in a chest,arm or leg |
| transplant surgery | performed to replace a diseaded organ,tissue with organ from donor |
| organs that can be transplant | cornea, heart, lungs, kidney, liver, pancreas, small intestine, bone marrow |
| living consenting donor (żyjący,wyrażający zgodę dawca) | can donate liver,lung,kidney |
| harvested(pobrane) from deceased donor | hearts, lungs, corneas, livers, pancreases |
| deceased | people who had recently died |
| skin grafting | przeszczep skóry; skin from buttocsk or upper part of tigh |
| arthritic | artretyczny |
| replaced | zastąpić (prosthetic devices made of metal, plastic, porcelain) |
| reattach | przyłączyć/przyszyć eg. fingers |
| to sever | oderwany, odcięty eg. palec |
| exploratory surgery | eg. abdomen is opened and examined when needed organs removed/repaired |
| diagnostic surgery | to confirm diagnosis |
| biopsy | specimen tissue is removed |
| palliative surgery | relieve/reduce intensity of condition eg. pain when not possible to cure |
| emergency surgery | as qucik as possible in case of internal bleeding etc |
| urgent surgery | eg. removal of acutely inflamed appendix, within 24-28 h |
| elective surgery | eg. hip replacement, planned in advance, delay has no ill effects |
| laparoscopic surgery | abdomen inflated with CO2 to lift wall away from ograns |
| punctures(ports) | small key hole points for trocars to be inserted into abdomen |
| trocar | trokar, to co wsadzają żeby stworzyć kanał |
| a laparoscope | viewing instrument |
| laparoscopic surgery is used for appendicectomy, cholecystectomy, | hernia repair (przepuklina), colon and antireflux procedures |
| open procedures | surgery |
| laparoscopic surgery is less invasive,incisions are smaller | less post opperative pain & disability,shorter hospital stay, quciker recovery |
| key-hole surgery of joints | arthroscopic surgery |
| key-hole surgery of chest | thoracoscopic surgery |
| stereotactic(stereotaxic) surgery is performed through small hole in skull & guided by CT scanning | allows operations on lesions of the brain located precisley not to injure adjacent tissues |
| stereotactic surgery | used in advance |
| removal of cysts | usuwanie cyst |
| cataract surgery | operacja zaćmy |
| cataract surgery+cysts surgery+biopsy | do not require overnight or longer stay in hospital,same-day surgery |
| same-day surgery | operacja 1dnia= out patient/ambulatory surgery |
| surgery (place) | place where doctors see patients |
| undergo surgery | być poddanym operacji |
| operation done | przeprowadzić operacje |
| minor/major operation | mała/duża operacja |
| doctor operate on patient for eg.cholecystitis | doctor przeprowadza operacje na pacjencie z powodu.... |
| surgical gloves | rękawiczki |
| surgical scrubs | outfit lekarza na operacje |
| varicose veins | żylaki kończyn dolnych |
| anastmose | połączyć, attach 2 arteries or tubes together |
| approximate | bring closer together |
| clamp | zacisnąć/compress, hold tightly |
| dissect | ciąć/ separate by cutting |
| divide | cut and separate tissues |
| drape | obkładać, cover the patient before surgical procedure leaving operation site uncovered |
| excise | wyciąć,cut out, remove |
| expose | lay open |
| grasp | chwycić, take and keep a firm hold of |
| incise | naciąć, cut |
| insert | put into |
| irrigate | przepłukać/wash out wound or body cavity with a flow of water or other fluid |
| lance | nacinać/cut or incise with a lancet (boil-wrzód/czyrak, abscess-ropień) |
| ligate | podwiązać, tiff off a duct or blood vessel to prevent blood flow during surgery |
| mobilize | make mobile |
| paint | cover with coloured antiseptic |
| resect | remove surgically part of an organ or body |
| retract | udrożnić,pull and hold back edges of incision |
| suture | stitch wounds |
| transect | cut transvesly |
| Drowsinesse | Senność |
