| adherent (of) | noun;a person who supports a particular idea or party (poplecznik,stronnik, zwolennik) |
| adherence | noun; poplecznictwo |
| to adhere to | verb;trzymać sie, stosować się do (np zasad) |
| convert (to) | noun;someone who has taken on a new set of beliefs (nawrócony, konwertyta) |
| conversion | noun;zamiana, wymiana |
| to convert | verb;nawracać, odwracać, konwertować |
| fanatic | noun; (disapproving) someone with a very strong belief |
| radical | someone who believes thare should be extreme political change either of a left- or right- wing natur |
| reactionary | noun;(disapproving) some1 opposed to change or new ideas; adjective: przeciwdziałający |
| bigot | (disapproving) some1 with strong unreasonable beliefs who thinks that anyone with other blfs sucks |
| bigotry | noun: fanatyzm |
| bigoted | adjective: zajadły, sfanatyzowany |
| assumption | noun:unquestioning acceptance that something is true (jakieś takie pewne założenie) |
| derives from | verb: has its origins in |
| eradicate | verb: abolish or get rid of (wytępiać, wykorzeniać) |
| postulates | noun: basic principles |
| consioussness | noun: awareness |
| usher in | verb: introduce |
| credible | adjective: believable (wiarygodny) |
| credulous | adjective: too willing to believe what you're told (łatwowierny) |
| incredulous | adjective: not wanting or able to believe something |
| credence | noun: acceptace that something is true (wiara) |
| gives/lends/adds credence to | phrase: daje wiare, uwiarygadnia |
| gullible | adjective: easily tricked into believing things that may not be true (łatwowierny) |
| ingenuous | adjective: trusting, sincere, often in a way that seems foolish (naiwny) |
| implausible | adjective: unconvincing (np o wymówce, ze jest nie do przyjęcia) |
| ascribe | verb: przypisać, (np. many scholars ... this poem to Dante) |
| tenet | noun: one of the principles on which a belief is based (doktryna, dogmat) |
| give someone the benefit of the doubt | phrase: to accept that someone is telling the truth even though it is certain |
| take something with a pinch of salt | phrase: do not totally believe what you are told |
| I don't buy that | phrase: nie kupuje tego |
| A likely story | phrase: prawdopodobna historia |
| what'd you take me for | phrase: za kogo ty mnie masz |
| pull the other one | phrase: nabijaj w butelke kogos innego |
| i wasn't born yesterday | phrase: nie urodzilam sie wczoraj ;] |
| i'll believe it when i see it | phrase: uwierze gdy zobacze |
| celebration | noun: święto zabawa |
| celebrated | verb: świętuje się |
| celebratory | adjective: ....mood, świętowalny nastrój^^ |
| renewal | noun: odnowienie |
| renews | verb: odnawia się |
| renewed | adjective: odnawiający |
| festival | noun: special day/event |
| festivities | noun: enjoyable activities |
| festive | adjective: świętowalny nastrój na f |
| spectacle | noun: spektakl |
| spectacular | adjective: spektakularne |
| ceremony | noun: ceremonia |
| ceremonial | adjective: ceremonialne |
| superstitious | adjective: have illogical beliefs about hidden forces in nature |
| centenary | noun: 100th anniversary |
| penance | noun: skrucha, pokuta |
| fasting | noun: not eating for a long period |
| flamboyant | adjective: fancy glancy |
| raucous | adjective: very noisy |
| sombre | adjective: serious heavy and sad |
| commemorates | noun: respect and remembers officially |
| syntax | noun: the grammar and word order |
| modality | noun: modalność, meaning such as possibility |
| phonology | noun: the sound system, pronunciation |
| phonem | noun: different sounds that distinguish meanings |
| lexicon | noun: technical term for vocabulary |
| compound | noun: words formed by combining words |
| orthography | noun: technical term for writing systems |
| character | noun: letters or symbol |
| pictogram | noun: characters representing pictures |
| morphology | noun: how words are formed |
| morphemes | noun: units of meanings |
| inflected | noun: words have endings to show tense, person |
| isolating | noun: each word has only one morpheme |
| absolute power | phrase: władza absolutna |
| succed one another to the throne | phrase: dziedziczyli po sobie trona |
| the laws of succession | phrase: prawo do sukcesji |
| accedes to the throne | phrase: objąć tron |
| be third in line to the throne | phrase: być trzecim w kolejce do tronu |
| pretender | noun: uzurpator |
| laid claim to | phrase: rości... |
| proclaimed king | phrase: ogłoszono królem |
| depose | verb: zdetronizować |
| seize power | phrase: przejąć władzę |
| usurp power | phrase: przywłaszczać sobie władze |
| fall from power | phrase: obalenie władzy ? |
| abuse power | phrase: nadużycia władzy |
| feudal | noun: relating to a social system stricly organised according to rank, typical of e.g. Europe |
| medieval | noun: of or from the Middle Ages i.e. 1000-1500 AD |
| Renaissance | noun: 14-16th centuries i Europe |
| Victorian | noun: period 1837-1901 when Victoria was Queen of England |
| infantry | noun: soldiers on foot |
| cavalry | noun: soldiers on horseback |
| legion | noun: usually of skelletons in Heroes ;] |
| armour | noun: metal protective clothing worn by soldiers |
| chariot | noun: two wheeled vehicle pulled by a horse used in ancient times for racing and war |
| galleon | noun: large sailing ship with three or four masts |
| stagecoach | noun: covered vehicle pulled by horses that carried passengers and goods on regular routes |
| cart | noun: open vehicle with two or four wheels and pulled by an animal |
| serf | noun: person working on the land who legally belongs to his master |
| jester | noun: person who entertained people in the Middle ages with jokes |
| minstrel | noun: person who entertained people in d Middel Ages with music and poetry |
| highwayman | noun: man on horseback who robbed travellers on roads |
| relative poverty | phrase: means that you are in relation to those around you |
| income poverty | phrase: means that you are poor if you have less money than the defined poverty line in country |
| human poverty | phrase: takes into account other factors such as life expectancy etc |
| malnutrition | noun: ill health caused inadequate food (wseńśęże zatrucie) |
| illiteracy | noun: inability to read or write (dysmózg^^) |
| sanitation | noun: systems for taking dirty water and waste from homes (kałanizacja) |
| poverty alleviation | phrase: reducing the level of poverty |
| debt servicing | phrase: paying back money owned on loans |
| penury | noun:the state of being extremely poor |
| live on (or below) the breadline | phrase: having the level of income of an extremely poor person |
| impoverished | adjective: poor without much money to live on |
| destitute | adjective: without money, food or home |
| deprived | adjective: not having the things necessary for a pleasant life |
| living from hand to mouth | phrase: z ręki do ust |
| money has been tight | phrase: there has not been much money |
| legislation | noun: law making |
| legislate | verb: law making |
| legislator | noun: a person who makes a law |
| constituents | noun: people who elected one MP |
| lobbies | noun: interest groups who try to influence MPs |
| lobby | verb: trying to influence MPs |
| corporations | noun: large companies |
| corporate | adjective: kolektywny, zespołowy |
| minister | noun: MPs with top responsibilities |
| civil servants | noun: people employed in government departaments |
| lobbyist | noun: people who lobby |
| annual budget | adj+noun: yearly financial plan |
| petition | noun: formal request often signed by lots of people (to co podrobiła pewna posłanka samoobrony^^) |
| tax concession | noun: reduction in taxes (uuu...unusual) |
| concede | verb: przyznać, ustąpić |
| producer | noun: manufacturer |
| productive | adjective: produktywnie |
| close-knit | adjective: with close ties to each other (zwarte) |
| centralised | adjective: concentrated in one central organisation |
| centralisation | noun: centralizować^^ |
| fragmented | adjective: separate; not centralised |
| paid-up members | phrase: people who have paid their memberiship fees |
| deputation | noun: people sent to speak for a group |
| counter | verb: oppose (sprzeciwiać się) |
| grievances | noun: complaints about unfair treatment (skargi) |
| appeal to | request support from |
