| She was the nurse looking after the patient at the time (who was looking) | to replace a relative clause |
| After giving/having given blood, I went home | with prepositions and conjunctions |
| Being frightened of needles, Tony was not looking forward to the injection | to explain the reason of sth |
| Sitting in the waiting room, I could hear the sound of the dentist drilling | to talk about actions happening at the same time |
| Having found an optician close to the office, I made an appointment for that evening | to talk about actions happening in sequence |
| Given an aspirin, I began to feel better (When/Because I was given) | as an alternative passive form |
| Given the chance, I would definitely study pharmacology (If I were given the chance) | as an alternative conditional form |